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Surgical Treatment of Complications Following Traumatic Brain Injuries

Surgical Treatment of Complications Following Traumatic Brain Injuries at the "Helyos" Surgery and Rehabilitation Center Surgical treatment of complications from severe traumatic brain injuries, which may include brain damage, hemorrhages, hematomas, skull bone fractures, and nerve function disorders, is provided at the "Helyos" Surgery and Rehabilitation Center. Head injuries require urgent medical attention, and in some cases, surgical intervention is necessary to prevent serious complications.

Indications for Surgical Treatment:

1.Brain hemorrhages (subdural, epidural, or intracerebral hematomas):

This is the most common reason for surgery. Bleeding can compress the brain and disrupt its functions.

2.Skull fractures:

Skull fractures, especially open ones or those with bone depression, can threaten brain damage and cause infections.

3.Neurological disorders:

If the trauma results in loss of consciousness, paralysis, breathing difficulties, or heart problems, surgery may be required to preserve brain functions.

4.Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) outflow disorders:

When the pathways of CSF drainage are damaged, surgery may be necessary to normalize the process and prevent the development of hydrocephalus.

Consultation and Diagnostics:

1.Initial examination:

A neurosurgeon evaluates the patient's condition, takes a history of the injury, asks about symptoms (headache, nausea, loss of consciousness, weakness), and performs a neurological examination.

2.Brain imaging:

To accurately assess the extent of damage, the following exams are performed:

CT scan or MRI to visualize brain and skull bone damage.
X-ray of the skull to detect fractures.
Ultrasound of brain vessels (if there is suspicion of circulation problems).

3.Neurological assessment:

The doctor conducts reflex tests, limb mobility assessments, responses to painful stimuli, and other neurological evaluations.

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Surgical Treatment Methods:

1.Hematoma removal:

For subdural or epidural hematomas (bleeding), surgical removal of blood clots is performed to reduce brain pressure and prevent nerve structure damage.

2.Skull bone repair:

In cases of skull fractures with bone depression or open fractures, repositioning (correction) of skull bones is performed, followed by fixation using special metal plates, screws, or other equipment.

3.CSF shunting:

If CSF flow is disrupted (e.g., hydrocephalus or fluid accumulation in the brain), a shunt may be inserted to redirect the fluid to other parts of the body and normalize intracranial pressure.

4.Cryoablation (Cryosurgery):

In some cases, cryotherapy is used to treat brain tumors or inflammatory processes, where damaged areas are frozen for removal.

5.Brain tissue repair:

If the trauma results in brain tissue damage, surgical restoration is performed, including the use of special biocompatible materials.

Preparation for Surgery:

1.Laboratory tests:

General blood tests, coagulation tests (to assess blood clotting), and infection screenings may be performed.

2.Instrumental studies:

A CT scan or MRI to clarify the diagnosis and plan the surgery.

3.Anesthesia:

Surgeries are performed under general anesthesia or with local anesthesia depending on the complexity of the operation.

Postoperative Period:

1.Rehabilitation:

The patient stays in the hospital, where their condition is constantly monitored. Pain relief medications, antibiotics (to prevent infections), and other medications are prescribed.

2.Neurological rehabilitation:

After surgery, the patient undergoes physical therapy, exercise therapy, and, if necessary, neurorehabilitation to restore mobility, cognitive functions, and other affected functions.

3.Monitoring and control:

The patient regularly visits the doctor for follow-up exams and to monitor for potential complications. Additional tests may be prescribed to track postoperative recovery.

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Advantages of Treatment at the "Helyos" Center:

Professionalism and experience of neurosurgeons and rehabilitation specialists in treating complex traumatic brain injuries.
Modern equipment for diagnostics and surgical procedures.
An individualized approach to each patient and the use of the safest treatment methods.
Postoperative rehabilitation under the supervision of highly qualified specialists for a quick and effective recovery.

The "Helyos" Surgery and Rehabilitation Center provides high-quality medical care for patients with traumatic brain injuries, supporting rapid recovery and the restoration of brain functions.