Proctological Surgery at Helyos Center for Surgery and Rehabilitation

Core diagnostic methods for rectal and anal diseases

Prior to selecting a treatment strategy, the proctologist performs a medical examination and, if necessary, prescribes instrumental assessments. Our diagnostic stage follows a full-cycle protocol, meaning patients undergo all required testing within a single medical center.

Whenever an expanded evaluation is necessary, diagnostics are conducted in collaboration with other specialists. If indicated, cross-consultations with urologists, gynecologists, or general surgeons are arranged smoothly.

The following methods are routinely applied in proctological diagnostics:

• Anoscopy — visual inspection of the anal canal;
• Proctosigmoidoscopy (Rectoromanoscopy) — endoscopic assessment of the rectum and distal sigmoid colon;
• Colonoscopy — complete endoscopic evaluation of the large intestine;
• Ultrasound (US) — assessment of the perianal region to identify cysts and fistulous tracts;
• Laboratory testing — analysis of blood parameters and inflammatory biomarkers.

The Helyos laboratory runs standard diagnostics rapidly, and emergency panels within a few minutes. This streamlined approach minimizes waiting times and ensures a timely choice of treatment path.

Types of surgical interventions in proctological surgery

The choice of treatment depends on the specific diagnosis, stage of the condition, and the patient's overall health status. Helyos handles both outpatient day-case procedures and radical operations for advanced pathologies.

Hemorrhoids:

• Laser vaporization — minimally invasive laser removal of nodes in early stages (I–III);
• PEX-plasty — anatomical fixation and reduction of hemorrhoidal nodes without excision (stages II–III);
• Surgical excision (hemorrhoidectomy) — indicated for advanced or complicated cases (stages III–IV).

Anal Fissures and Fistulas:

• Laser vaporization — effective treatment and clearing of chronic anal fissures;
• Fistula surgery — radical treatment of chronic paraproctitis and complex fistulous tracts.

Growths and Cysts:

• Rectal polyp removal — performed based on endoscopic discovery and biopsy indications;
• Pilonidal sinus laser vaporization — modern treatment for pilonidal cysts.

Other Interventions:

• Rectal prolapse surgery — surgical stabilization for rectal tissue descent;
• Removal of anal skin tags — for cosmetic or functional hygiene purposes.

The exact method of treatment is strictly defined by the doctor following a complete examination. Most outpatient procedures can be carried out on the day of the initial visit without needing overnight hospitalization.