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Ovarian Cancer Treatment in Dnipro

Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor that develops in the ovarian tissues. This type of cancer is often diagnosed at later stages due to the absence of specific symptoms in the early phases. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), ovarian cancer ranks seventh among the most common tumors in women, with approximately 300,000 new cases diagnosed worldwide each year. Survival rates depend significantly on the stage at which the disease is detected: with early diagnosis, the five-year survival rate reaches about 90%, whereas at later stages, this rate drops to 30%.

Types and Stages of Ovarian Cancer

There are different classifications of ovarian cancer. Based on the cells from which the tumor originates, it is categorized into epithelial, stromal, and germ cell cancer. Additionally, specialists distinguish the following types of ovarian tumors:

Primary cancer – the malignant process starts in the ovarian cells and often affects both ovaries.
Secondary cancer – develops from benign ovarian tumors (such as cysts) and is the most common type (80%).
Metastatic cancer – occurs due to the spread of malignant cells from other organs, such as the stomach, lungs, or uterus.

Depending on the extent of malignancy, ovarian cancer progresses through the following stages:

Stage I (Limited to the ovary)

IA: The tumor is in one ovary.

IB: The tumor affects both ovaries.

IC: The tumor is in one or both ovaries with additional complications (capsule rupture or cancer cells in the abdominal cavity).

Stage II (Spread to the pelvic organs)

IIA: The tumor has spread to the uterus or fallopian tubes.

IIB: The tumor has affected other pelvic tissues.

Stage III (Spread to lymph nodes and abdominal cavity)

IIIA: Minimal spread in the abdominal cavity.

IIIB: Peritoneal lesions up to 2 cm.

IIIC: Tumors over 2 cm in the abdominal cavity or metastases in lymph nodes.

Stage IV (Spread to distant organs)

IVA: The tumor has spread to internal organs such as the lungs or liver.

IVB: The tumor has affected distant lymph nodes and other organs.

Risk Factors for Ovarian Cancer

Several factors contribute to the development of ovarian tumors, which can be divided into genetic, hormonal, environmental, and lifestyle-related:

Genetic factors: Family history, genetic mutations (BRCA1 and BRCA2).
Hormonal factors: Late pregnancy, menopause, use of oral contraceptives, endocrine disorders, absence of pregnancy, etc.
Environmental factors: Working in the chemical industry, exposure to radiation.
Health factors: Gynecological conditions (cysts, endometriosis, fibroids), metabolic disorders.
Lifestyle factors: Obesity, smoking, alcohol abuse, unhealthy diet.

These factors can interact, increasing the overall risk of ovarian cancer. Regular medical check-ups are crucial for early detection and timely treatment.

Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer symptoms are often nonspecific and can resemble other gynecological conditions. It is essential to watch for:

Persistent lower abdominal pain unrelated to other conditions.
Bloating.
Menstrual cycle irregularities.
Urinary disturbances.
Digestive issues (nausea, unexplained constipation).
Chronic fatigue and apathy.
Persistent low-grade fever.
Night sweats.
Unexplained weight loss.
Abdominal swelling.
Discomfort during intercourse.

If you notice these symptoms, immediate consultation with a gynecologist at the Helyos Clinic is strongly recommended. Early diagnosis significantly improves treatment outcomes.

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Diagnosis and Treatment Methods

At Helyos Clinic, ovarian cancer diagnosis is conducted by oncogynecologists. Women who undergo regular medical check-ups have a higher chance of detecting the disease in its early stages. The standard diagnostic process includes:

Patient consultation.
Medical history documentation.
Gynecological examination using a speculum.
Transvaginal ultrasound.
Vaginal flora smear test.
HPV testing.

If ultrasound reveals abnormalities, additional tests may be required:

Blood and urine tests.
Tumor marker tests.
Hysteroscopy.
Biopsy.
CT scan with contrast.
MRI, and other imaging studies.
Ovarian Cancer Treatment

Treatment depends on the stage, tumor type, patient’s overall health, and individual factors. The main treatment methods include surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and hormonal therapy. The following surgical procedures are performed for ovarian cancer:

Removal of the affected ovary and fallopian tube.
Total hysterectomy (removal of the uterus, ovaries, and part of the omentum).
Total hysterectomy with removal of affected lymph nodes and pelvic organs.
Comprehensive surgery with removal of distant metastases.

For pelvic organ surgeries, specialists at Helyos Clinic frequently use minimally invasive laparoscopic techniques—operations are performed through small incisions using microinstruments. Only in severe cases (e.g., cancer spread to the rectum, bladder, or perineum) is open laparotomy required, which our specialists are also proficient in.

Ovarian Cancer Treatment at Heyos Clinic

The Helyos Medical Center in Dnipro is fully equipped with state-of-the-art technology for performing surgeries of any complexity. Our doctors apply an individualized, comprehensive approach, conducting thorough diagnostics and selecting the most effective treatment method.

At Helyos Clinic, highly qualified specialists of the highest category utilize modern techniques to achieve the best ovarian cancer treatment outcomes. Each patient room is equipped for maximum comfort before and after surgery.

For consultation or diagnosis, please contact Helyos Clinic in Dnipro.