What to Do If Your Child Has a Fever: First Aid

What Counts as an Elevated Temperature in a Child and How to Measure It Correctly

A child’s temperature is considered elevated above 37.5°C (99.5°F) when measured under the arm. The most accurate reading comes from a mercury or electronic thermometer held in the armpit for a few minutes without clothing over it. Rectal and ear measurements give somewhat higher readings, so it’s important to use the normal range for the specific method used. In infants, body temperature can naturally run slightly higher than in adults, so it’s important to assess not just the thermometer reading but the child’s overall condition.

What Temperature Should Be Treated in a Child

The decision to use fever-reducing medication depends not only on the thermometer reading but also on how well the child is tolerating the fever.

How to Properly Reduce a Child’s Temperature at Home

Fluids, Clothing and Room Temperature

A feverish child should not be bundled up — light clothing and a cool room (18–20°C / 64–68°F) help the body cool naturally. Plenty of fluids — water, compote or oral rehydration solutions — help prevent dehydration, which often accompanies fever.

When Fever-Reducing Medication Is Needed

If a child tolerates the fever poorly — is lethargic, refuses food and drink, or complains of a headache — a fever reducer may be given even at readings below 38.5°C.

What Can Be Given to a Child for Fever: Paracetamol and Ibuprofen

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) and ibuprofen are the main medications approved for reducing fever in children. The exact dose depends on the child’s age and body weight, so it is important to follow the instructions for the specific product or a doctor’s or pharmacist’s recommendation rather than approximate figures. Aspirin should never be given to children due to the risk of serious complications, and the recommended dosing frequency should not be exceeded.

If a Child Has a High Temperature and Cold Extremities

A combination of high fever with cold hands and feet (sometimes called “white fever”) indicates blood vessel spasm and requires a different approach — rubbing and cooling are not recommended in this case. The child should be kept warm, given a fever reducer, and a doctor should be called if there is no quick improvement.

When a Child’s High Temperature Requires Urgent Medical Care

If a surgical condition such as appendicitis is suspected, the child is referred to the Center for Pediatric Surgery, where a CT scan may be performed to clarify the diagnosis. If the fever is related to the ENT organs and is accompanied by complications, ENT surgery may be needed. In critical situations, when a child’s condition worsens quickly, do not wait — call an ambulance.

What Not to Do If a Child Has a Fever

Do not rub a child down with vinegar or alcohol, bundle them in warm clothing during an ordinary fever, give aspirin, or exceed the recommended dose or frequency of fever-reducing medication without consulting a doctor.